Descriptive summary statistics for key variables of New York City public school students
| Variable . | All . | Black . | Latino . | White . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Students | 231,177 | 85,490 | 109,291 | 36,396 |
| Percentage High School Graduation | 80.6 | 79.0 | 78.6 | 90.3 |
| Cumulative Exposure to Policing and Crime | ||||
| Neighborhood police stops (fall, number) | 794.8 | 950.9 | 838.5 | 296.9 |
| Neighborhood police stops (fall, %) | ||||
| Very low (first quintile) | 20.0 | 12.8 | 15.3 | 51.4 |
| Low (second quintile) | 20.0 | 17.2 | 19.6 | 27.6 |
| Average (third quintile) | 20.0 | 21.5 | 21.2 | 12.9 |
| High (fourth quintile) | 20.0 | 23.5 | 22.2 | 5.3 |
| Very high (fifth quintile) | 20.0 | 25.0 | 21.8 | 2.8 |
| Neighborhood low-level arrests (fall) | 480.5 | 520.6 | 544.2 | 194.6 |
| Neighborhood violent crime (spring) | 72.6 | 83.4 | 79.1 | 27.7 |
| Neighborhood property crime (spring) | 91.5 | 93.1 | 94.5 | 78.6 |
| Neighborhood misdemeanor crime (spring) | 441.1 | 467.9 | 481.5 | 257.2 |
| School exposure to police stops (full year) | 726.5 | 840.8 | 760.7 | 354.8 |
| Neighborhood Characteristics (measured at t = 1) | ||||
| Avg. population | 4,875 | 4,570 | 5,180 | 4,671 |
| Avg. concentrated disadvantage | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | −0.5 |
| Avg. residential instability | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | −0.5 |
| Avg. % White | 20.7 | 8.6 | 16.6 | 61.6 |
| Avg. % Black | 32.6 | 58.0 | 21.6 | 6.4 |
| Avg. % Latino | 36.2 | 26.9 | 50.0 | 16.6 |
| Avg. % Asian | 8.3 | 4.2 | 9.7 | 13.8 |
| Student Characteristics | ||||
| Percentage female | 51.3 | 52.9 | 50.8 | 49.1 |
| Percentage free/reduced lunch | 83.4 | 89.7 | 88.4 | 54.0 |
| Percentage English learner status | 25.3 | 3.5 | 44.5 | 19.1 |
| Avg. ELA score | 654.1 | 652.2 | 650.5 | 669.6 |
| Avg. mathematics score | 666.1 | 660.9 | 663.2 | 687.3 |
| Variable . | All . | Black . | Latino . | White . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Students | 231,177 | 85,490 | 109,291 | 36,396 |
| Percentage High School Graduation | 80.6 | 79.0 | 78.6 | 90.3 |
| Cumulative Exposure to Policing and Crime | ||||
| Neighborhood police stops (fall, number) | 794.8 | 950.9 | 838.5 | 296.9 |
| Neighborhood police stops (fall, %) | ||||
| Very low (first quintile) | 20.0 | 12.8 | 15.3 | 51.4 |
| Low (second quintile) | 20.0 | 17.2 | 19.6 | 27.6 |
| Average (third quintile) | 20.0 | 21.5 | 21.2 | 12.9 |
| High (fourth quintile) | 20.0 | 23.5 | 22.2 | 5.3 |
| Very high (fifth quintile) | 20.0 | 25.0 | 21.8 | 2.8 |
| Neighborhood low-level arrests (fall) | 480.5 | 520.6 | 544.2 | 194.6 |
| Neighborhood violent crime (spring) | 72.6 | 83.4 | 79.1 | 27.7 |
| Neighborhood property crime (spring) | 91.5 | 93.1 | 94.5 | 78.6 |
| Neighborhood misdemeanor crime (spring) | 441.1 | 467.9 | 481.5 | 257.2 |
| School exposure to police stops (full year) | 726.5 | 840.8 | 760.7 | 354.8 |
| Neighborhood Characteristics (measured at t = 1) | ||||
| Avg. population | 4,875 | 4,570 | 5,180 | 4,671 |
| Avg. concentrated disadvantage | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | −0.5 |
| Avg. residential instability | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | −0.5 |
| Avg. % White | 20.7 | 8.6 | 16.6 | 61.6 |
| Avg. % Black | 32.6 | 58.0 | 21.6 | 6.4 |
| Avg. % Latino | 36.2 | 26.9 | 50.0 | 16.6 |
| Avg. % Asian | 8.3 | 4.2 | 9.7 | 13.8 |
| Student Characteristics | ||||
| Percentage female | 51.3 | 52.9 | 50.8 | 49.1 |
| Percentage free/reduced lunch | 83.4 | 89.7 | 88.4 | 54.0 |
| Percentage English learner status | 25.3 | 3.5 | 44.5 | 19.1 |
| Avg. ELA score | 654.1 | 652.2 | 650.5 | 669.6 |
| Avg. mathematics score | 666.1 | 660.9 | 663.2 | 687.3 |
Note: All continuous variables are standardized for the analysis.