Duke University Press

Table 2

Absolute and relative differences between average yearly pension income (at ages 66–75) and average yearly labor earnings (at ages 50–59) across educational groups and earnings quintiles

	Men				Women
	1920 Cohort		1925 Cohort		1920 Cohort		1925 Cohort
	Diff. (in SEK 1,000 ^a)	Ratio	Diff. (in SEK 1,000 ^a)	Ratio	Diff. (in SEK 1,000 ^a)	Ratio	Diff. (in SEK 1,000 ^a)	Ratio
Total	−74.08	0.72	−66.89	0.75	−0.40	1.00	−17.21	0.88
By Education
Primary	−55.54	0.75	−51.56	0.77	5.30	1.06	−12.78	0.90
Secondary	−95.57	0.70	−80.92	0.74	−13.66	0.91	−25.38	0.85
Tertiary	−200.63	0.60	−148.09	0.68	−58.44	0.77	−52.00	0.80
By Earnings
Lowest	−12.10	0.90	−12.17	0.90	60.05	15.14	45.62	3.32
Second	−46.28	0.77	−46.45	0.78	28.29	1.65	−4.76	0.94
Third	−63.31	0.74	−62.06	0.75	−3.24	0.97	−21.89	0.84
Fourth	−82.04	0.71	−76.46	0.74	−25.98	0.83	−42.11	0.77
Highest	−183.41	0.62	−154.00	0.67	−63.75	0.74	−65.98	0.75

	Men				Women
	1920 Cohort		1925 Cohort		1920 Cohort		1925 Cohort
	Diff. (in SEK 1,000 ^a)	Ratio	Diff. (in SEK 1,000 ^a)	Ratio	Diff. (in SEK 1,000 ^a)	Ratio	Diff. (in SEK 1,000 ^a)	Ratio
Total	−74.08	0.72	−66.89	0.75	−0.40	1.00	−17.21	0.88
By Education
Primary	−55.54	0.75	−51.56	0.77	5.30	1.06	−12.78	0.90
Secondary	−95.57	0.70	−80.92	0.74	−13.66	0.91	−25.38	0.85
Tertiary	−200.63	0.60	−148.09	0.68	−58.44	0.77	−52.00	0.80
By Earnings
Lowest	−12.10	0.90	−12.17	0.90	60.05	15.14	45.62	3.32
Second	−46.28	0.77	−46.45	0.78	28.29	1.65	−4.76	0.94
Third	−63.31	0.74	−62.06	0.75	−3.24	0.97	−21.89	0.84
Fourth	−82.04	0.71	−76.46	0.74	−25.98	0.83	−42.11	0.77
Highest	−183.41	0.62	−154.00	0.67	−63.75	0.74	−65.98	0.75

Source: Authors' calculation based on linked administrative data from Statistics Sweden.

^a Units are in SEK 1,000 ≈ US$125.

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