Main effects: Policy preferences
| . | Increase the Number of Legal Immigrants . | Increase the Number of Green Cards . | Decrease the Budget to Deport . | Facilitate Legalization . | Not Deport Undocumented Immigrants . | Index . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Experiment 1 | ||||||
| Treatment | 0.125* | 0.048 | 0.055 | 0.003 | 0.080 | 0.052 |
| (0.050) | (0.052) | (0.048) | (0.051) | (0.051) | (0.036) | |
| [.069] | [.424] | [.424] | [.687] | [.312] | ||
| Number of observations | 1,193 | 1,193 | 1,193 | 1,193 | 1,193 | 1,193 |
| Scaled effect | 0.267 | 0.082 | 0.089 | 0.004 | 0.161 | 0.086 |
| B. Experiment 2 | ||||||
| Treatment | 0.163* | 0.119* | 0.062 | 0.034 | 0.039 | 0.060 |
| (0.059) | (0.059) | (0.059) | (0.060) | (0.058) | (0.047) | |
| [.032] | [.096] | [.419] | [.511] | [.511] | ||
| Number of observations | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 |
| Scaled effect | 0.197 | 0.125 | 0.067 | 0.034 | 0.033 | 0.060 |
| C. Experiment 2: Follow-up | ||||||
| Treatment | 0.188** | 0.121* | 0.122* | 0.128* | 0.023 | 0.116* |
| (0.062) | (0.061) | (0.059) | (0.061) | (0.064) | (0.044) | |
| [.013] | [.049] | [.049] | [.049] | [.167] | ||
| Number of observations | 694 | 694 | 694 | 694 | 694 | 694 |
| . | Increase the Number of Legal Immigrants . | Increase the Number of Green Cards . | Decrease the Budget to Deport . | Facilitate Legalization . | Not Deport Undocumented Immigrants . | Index . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Experiment 1 | ||||||
| Treatment | 0.125* | 0.048 | 0.055 | 0.003 | 0.080 | 0.052 |
| (0.050) | (0.052) | (0.048) | (0.051) | (0.051) | (0.036) | |
| [.069] | [.424] | [.424] | [.687] | [.312] | ||
| Number of observations | 1,193 | 1,193 | 1,193 | 1,193 | 1,193 | 1,193 |
| Scaled effect | 0.267 | 0.082 | 0.089 | 0.004 | 0.161 | 0.086 |
| B. Experiment 2 | ||||||
| Treatment | 0.163* | 0.119* | 0.062 | 0.034 | 0.039 | 0.060 |
| (0.059) | (0.059) | (0.059) | (0.060) | (0.058) | (0.047) | |
| [.032] | [.096] | [.419] | [.511] | [.511] | ||
| Number of observations | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 |
| Scaled effect | 0.197 | 0.125 | 0.067 | 0.034 | 0.033 | 0.060 |
| C. Experiment 2: Follow-up | ||||||
| Treatment | 0.188** | 0.121* | 0.122* | 0.128* | 0.023 | 0.116* |
| (0.062) | (0.061) | (0.059) | (0.061) | (0.064) | (0.044) | |
| [.013] | [.049] | [.049] | [.049] | [.167] | ||
| Number of observations | 694 | 694 | 694 | 694 | 694 | 694 |
Notes: All outcome variables are normalized by the mean and the standard deviation of the variable for the control group (Kling et al. 2007). In other words, the coefficients represent the effect size in terms of standard deviations away from the mean. The scaled effect is the treatment effect divided by the average difference in the answers given by Democrats and Republicans in the control group. In panel A, we display the results from Experiment 1. In Panel B, we display the results from the main part of Experiment 2. In panel C, we show results from the follow-up experiment from Experiment 2. We include the following control variables: log income; age; gender; household size; indicators for race, religion, employment status, and education; whether the respondent was born in the United States; a question capturing pre-treatment worries about immigration; a dummy variable for Democrats; and a set of prior beliefs about immigrants. Robust standard errors are displayed in parentheses; p values adjusted for a false discovery rate of 5% are presented in brackets.
*p < .05; **p < .01